The Application of WebGIS in Urban Planning: A Step Toward Smart Decision-Making and Sustainable Urban Management
In recent decades, with the expansion of modern information technologies, the need for interactive and intelligent systems in urban planning and management has become increasingly evident. Among these innovations, WebGIS—Web-based Geographic Information Systems—has emerged as a transformative tool in urban planning. By providing interactive platforms for analyzing spatial and non-spatial data, these systems play a pivotal role in decision-making, enhancing transparency, and improving management efficiency.
Definition and Capabilities of WebGIS
WebGIS is a fusion of GIS and web-based technologies, enabling the storage, management, analysis, and visualization of spatial data through internet browsers. Unlike traditional GIS systems that required the installation of specialized software and high-level technical knowledge, WebGIS leverages technologies such as GeoServer, OpenLayers, Leaflet, and TileCache to provide instant and user-friendly access to data for a wide range of users—from citizens to urban decision-makers (Miler et al., 2010).
Key capabilities of WebGIS include:
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Interactive visualization of maps and information layers
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Spatial data querying, filtering, and analysis
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Online editing of spatial information
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Location-based services on both mobile and desktop platforms
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Real-time sharing of data and analysis results
The Role of WebGIS in Urban Planning Processes
Within the field of urban planning, WebGIS is recognized as both an analytical and participatory platform that enables real-time and comprehensive assessments of the physical, social, economic, and environmental conditions of cities. For instance, in a study conducted by Hairudin et al. (2025), WebGIS was used to assess the physical conditions of buildings, demonstrating high accuracy and effective performance in spatial-scale analysis. Similarly, Bendib et al. (2016) highlighted that designing interactive interfaces based on WebGIS could enhance managerial efficiency and facilitate decision-making processes within local authorities.
Another significant application of WebGIS is in developing platforms for sustainable urban planning. According to a study by Salvo and Vitale (2024), WebGIS-based systems have proven to be effective tools for evaluating urban development scenarios, analyzing environmental impacts, and articulating sustainable strategies.
Advantages of WebGIS in Urban Management
WebGIS goes far beyond simple map visualization. It creates a decision-supportive and participatory environment, offering a wide range of benefits for urban management, including:
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Increased Transparency and Public Participation: Open access to spatial data empowers citizens, fosters social ownership, and narrows the gap between the public and governing institutions.
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Improved Asset Management: WebGIS allows accurate tracking and monitoring of infrastructure, facilities, and public assets, enabling data-driven managerial decisions.
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Support for Evidence-Based Decision-Making: With its spatial analysis capabilities, WebGIS aids decision-makers in simulating development scenarios and selecting optimal alternatives.
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High Efficiency in Information Retrieval and Sharing: Data is centrally stored within the WebGIS environment and made accessible across all levels of management and technical personnel, reducing time and cost in planning and implementation processes (Hairudin et al., 2025).
WebGIS: A Pathway to Smart Cities
WebGIS is considered a cornerstone in realizing smart city goals. By integrating spatial and non-spatial data and establishing communication channels among citizens, managers, and experts, WebGIS lays the foundation for data-driven management and participatory decision-making. Smart cities require tools that can analyze spatial dynamics in real-time and deliver timely responses—WebGIS precisely offers such infrastructure (Salvo & Vitale, 2024).
Furthermore, when integrated with other urban digital platforms—such as online transportation systems, local reporting platforms, and participatory urban governance tools—WebGIS can contribute to a comprehensive framework for inclusive urban planning, a concept emphasized in numerous sustainable and equity-oriented urban development initiatives.
In conclusion, WebGIS has emerged as a cutting-edge tool in urbanism, revolutionizing the way spatial data is collected, analyzed, and utilized. These systems not only streamline decision-making processes but also lay the groundwork for a new generation of urban management through enhanced participation, transparency, and operational efficiency. The widespread adoption of WebGIS in urban planning institutions could pave the way for the realization of sustainable, smart, and citizen-responsive cities.